The historical evolution of doors and windows

 The earliest mullioned windows are found in Han tombs and Taowu Ming wares. There are also a large number of brick, wooden buildings and murals in Tang, Song, Liao, and Jin. Since the Ming Dynasty, it has been gradually replaced by sill windows in important buildings, but it is still used in civil buildings. Before the Tang Dynasty, there were still many mullion windows, which were fixed and could not be opened, so their functions and shapes were restricted. 

Since the Song Dynasty, there have been more and more open and closed windows, and there have been great developments in type and appearance. In the Song Dynasty, a large number of lattice windows were used, in addition to square lattices, there were ball patterns, ancient money patterns, etc., which improved the lighting conditions and increased the decorative effect. The threshold windows of the Song Dynasty have been applied to the sill walls on each side of the hall door. They evolved from lattice doors, so they are similar in form, but only have lattice eyes, waist panels and barrier-free water panels. The Zizou Window was first seen in the Han pottery Lou Ming ware unearthed in Guangzhou. The supporting window in the north of the Qing Dynasty was also used on the sill wall. It can be divided into two parts. The upper part is the supporting window and the lower part is the lifting window. The areas of the two are equal. Southern buildings require more ventilation in summer, and the area of ​​supporting windows is about twice as large as the area of ​​removing windows, and the patterns of the window panes are also very rich. The styles of doors and windows in the Ming and Qing dynasties basically inherited the practices of the Song Dynasty, and glass began to be used on doors and windows in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.

Modern architectural doors and windows in my country were developed in the 20th century. Metal doors and windows represented by steel doors and windows have a history of 90 years in our country. However, the golden age of the development of Chinese contemporary architectural doors and windows was the twenty years from 1981 to 2001. In 1911, steel doors and windows were introduced to China, mainly products from Britain, Belgium, and Japan, concentrated in "rental places" in coastal port cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Dalian. In 1925, my country's Shanghai National Industry began to produce steel doors and windows in small batches. Before the founding of New China, there were only more than 20 small workshop-style handicraft factories. 

After the founding of New China, steel door and window enterprises in Shanghai, Beijing, Xi'an and other places have built larger steel door and window production bases, which have been widely used in industrial buildings and some civil projects. In the late 1970s, the country vigorously implemented the resource allocation policy of "substituting steel for wood". The country set off a climax to promote steel doors and windows, steel scaffolding, and steel templates ("three steels for wood"), which greatly promoted the development of steel doors and windows development of. The 1980s was the heyday of traditional steel doors and windows, and the market share once (1989) reached 70%. Aluminum alloy doors and windows were introduced to my country in the 1970s, but they were only used in foreign embassies in China and a few foreign-related projects. With the in-depth development of national economic governance and rectification, the series of aluminum doors and windows has grown from 4 varieties and 8 series in the early 1980s to more than 40 varieties and more than 200 series, forming a more developed aluminum door and window product. The system has established the status of a pillar product.